Washington doesn't build nuclear plants. It de-risks them. The DOE's Loan Programs Office — supercharged by the Inflation Reduction Act and subsequent Congressional directives — holds conditional loan guarantee authority expressly carved out for advanced nuclear projects, including small modular reactors. The mechanism is straightforward: as an SMR developer clears a Nuclear Regulatory Commission licensing milestone, it becomes eligible to draw on that guarantee, dramatically lowering the cost of capital that has historically strangled nuclear development before a single rod of fuel is loaded. For investors, the question isn't whether SMRs get built in the abstract — it's which companies are positioned inside the funding funnel when the guarantees convert from conditional to committed.

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